ISE本期博客，是由ISE总部 Lisa Clancy 博士撰写和设计的一张信息图（infographic），为我们提供了一些来帮助写出更好研究论文的有用技巧。

标题

尽量保持标题简洁而信息丰富(通常是10-20个单词)。

语义：具体好于宽泛。

pH regulation in coral ✘

Effects of light and darkness on pH regulation in three coral species exposed to seawater acidification ✓

摘要

摘要的结构应该与整篇论文一致，包括引言、目的、方法、结果和讨论。

以任何学科的科学家都能理解的宽泛的介绍性陈述开始。

最后清楚地陈述你的发现的重要性。

引言

记住倒三角规则：先宽后窄。

文献的作用：提供所有必要的信息，让读者理解你做研究的理由。

图、表标题

使用声明式标题来总结在图/表中显示的数据的结果或主要发现。

图表/表格标题应独立，即描述性强，无需参考正文即可理解。

讨论

使用清晰、简洁的文字。

句子要简短。每句话说一件事。

避免不必要的重复。

Zebrafish are often exposed to several environmental pollutants at any one time, and the potential effects induced by exposure to several environmental pollutants on zebrafish health are of great concern. ✘

Zebrafish are often exposed to several environmental pollutants at any one time, and the potential effects of this on their health are of great concern. ✓

使用主动语态

The expression of X was determined … = Passive voice ✘

We determined the expression of X … = Active voice ✓

一般写作技巧

Keep the subject and verb of the sentence close together.

尽量使句子主语动词紧靠

Glucose, which is made during photosynthesis from … , is a simple sugar. ✘

Glucose is a simple sugar that is made during photosynthesis from … ✓

避免长名词字符串

Our hospital established a medical services efficiency evaluation index system. ✘

Our hospital established an index system that evaluated the efficiency of our medical services. ✓